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The Holocaust History Project.
The Holocaust History Project.

The Chemistry of Auschwitz
Notes

  1. Deborah Lipstadt, Denying the Holocaust, the Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, New York: The Free Press, 1993 p. 1.

  2. Yisrael Gutman, "Auschwitz - An Overview" in Y. Gutman, and M. Berenbaum, The Anatomy of the Auschwitz Death Camp, Bloomington: Indiana University Press and Washington DC: The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1994, p. 6.

  3. Primo Levi The Drowned and the Saved, New York: Random House, 1988.

  4. Eugen Kogon, Hermann Langbein and Adalbert Rückerl, Nazi Mass Murder: A Documentary History of the Use of Poison Gas, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993, p. 139.

  5. Franciszek Piper, "The Number of Victims" in Anatomy, op. cit., pp. 61-74.

  6. Brian Harmon, "The Auschwitz Gambit: The Four Million Variant" http://www.nizkor.org/features/techniques-of-denial/four-million-01.html

  7. For example, Eugen Kogon, The Theory and Practice of Hell: The German Concentration Camps and the System Behind Them, translated from the German by Heinz Norden, New York: Berkley Books, 1980

    Originally published in German as Der SS Staat, 1948.

  8. Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews, New York: Holmes and Meier, 1985, pp. 1201-1220

  9. Kogon, Nazi Mass Murder, op. cit., p. 139, notes in brackets are mine (RJG).

  10. Hilberg, op. cit., p. 888

  11. Kogon, Nazi Mass murder, op. cit., pp. 206-9

  12. Degesch publication, "Directives for the Use of Prussic Acid (Zyklon) for the Destruction of Vermin (Disinfestation)," NI-9912 as cited in Jean-Claude Pressac, Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers The Beate Klarsfeld Foundation, 1989, Library of Congress 89-81305, p. 18.

  13. Ulrich Roessler, private communication. The patent numbers are:
    The original patent was D.R.P. 438 818 (Heerdt, 1922)
    The porous support: D.R.P. 447 913
    The felt support: Fr.P. 636 425; and E.P. 292 547
    "Diagriess" support D.R.P. 499 316
    "ERCO" D.R.P. 499 316
    Warning agents: D.R.P. 524 261 (Gaßner [or Gassner], 1928).

  14. R. Irmscher, "Once More: 'The Efficiency of Prussic Acid at Low Temperatures'", 1942.

  15. Susan Budavari, Maryadele J. O' Neil, Ann Smith, Patricia E. Heckelman, Joanne F. Kinneary (editors), The Merck Index, An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals, Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merkt & Co., Inc., Twelfth Edition, 1996, p. 822, index number 4836.

  16. DuPont, Read from a plot in DuPont's "Hydrogen Cyanide: Uses, Storage, and Handling" ppm by volume was calculated.

  17. Budavari, op. cit.

  18. DuPont, op. cit.

  19. DuPont, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), Hydrogen Cyanide, 1130CR, CAS 74- 90-8, Du Pont Chemicals, 1993.

  20. Brian Harmon, Technical Aspects of the Holocaust: Cyanide, Zyklon-B, and Mass Murder, http://nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/camps/auschwitz/cyanide/cyanide.001, 1994.

  21. Roessler, op. cit.

  22. Franciszek Piper, "Gas Chambers and Crematoria", in Anatomy, op. cit., pp. 157-18.

  23. Jean-Claude Pressac with R.-J. Van Pelt, "The Machinery of Mass Murder at Auschwitz", in Anatomy, op. cit. pp. 183-245, notes in square brackets mine- RJG.

  24. Jean-Claude Pressac, Technique, op. cit., p. 233, emphasis Pressac's.

  25. Andrzej Strzelecki, "The Plunder of the Victims and Their Corpses", in Anatomy, op. cit., p. 261.

  26. Lipstadt, op. cit., pp. 161-162.

  27. Ibid., pp. 162-163.

  28. Ibid., p. 163n.

  29. Christopher B. Daly, "Holocaust Revisionist Admits He Is Not Engineer" in The Washington Post, June 18, 1991, Final Edition p. A6.

  30. Kenneth McVay, Daniel Keren, and Jamie McCarthy, "Holocaust FAQ: The Leuchter Report," http://www.nizkor.org/faqs/leuchter/leuchter-faq-22.html.

  31. Fred A. Leuchter, "Inside the Auschwitz Gas Chambers" http://www.webcom.com/ezundel/english/incorr/incorrect.005.html.

  32. Mark Van Alstine, private communication.

  33. Leuchter, op. cit.

  34. Richard J. Green, "Leuchter, Rudolf and the Iron Blues," http://www.holocaust-history.org/auschwitz/chemistry/blue/, 1997.

  35. Markiewicz, Gubala, and Labedz, Z Zagadnien Sqdowych, z. XXX, 1994, 17-27. Available at http://www.nizkor.org/hweb/orgs/polish/institute-for-forensic-research/

  36. Germar Rudolf, The Rudolf Report, Ruediger Kammerer - Armin Solms (Hg), Das Rudolf-Gutachten, Gutachten ueber die Bildung nach Nachweisbarkeit von Canidverbindungen in den "Gaskammern" von Auschwitz, Cromwell Press, London 1993. This report is banned in Germany and therefore somewhat difficult to find. I am grateful to Margret Chatwin for obtaining and Gord McFee for translating the original German version of section 2.5 and note 16.

    A massively abridged English translation has appeared as The Rudolf Report, London: Cromwell, 1993. The Rudolf Report.

    A 1997 version in German is present at http://www.vho.org/D/rga/rga.html

    A woefully incomplete document that claims to be a translation of the Rudolf Report that omits footnotes appears at http://www.codoh.com/rudolf/rudreport/rudreport.html, the link to a German version on the Zundel site appears to be incorrect.

  37. McVay, op. cit.

  38. Harmon, "Four Million" op. cit.

  39. Walter Lüftl, "The Luftl Report, An Austrian Engineer's Report on the 'Gas Chambers' of Auschwitz and Mauthausen," The Journal of Historical Review, vol. 12, no. 4, Winter 1992-1993. A copy of this version is available online at http://www.nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/people/l/luftl.walter/luftl.report.

  40. Sarah Rembiszewski The Final Lie, Holocaust Denial in Germany, A Second- Generation Denier as Test Case, Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Print Shop, 1996 ISBN 965-7033-04-7 p. 48-49 n 161.

  41. Allison Abbot, Holocaust Denial Research Disclaimed," Nature v.368 (1994), p. 483.

  42. Ibid.

  43. Rembiszewski, op. cit., p. 30.

  44. Abbot, op. cit.

  45. Ibid.

  46. Rembiszewski, op. cit., p. 29.

  47. Abbot, op. cit.

  48. Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, press release March 28, 1994. Available at http://www.nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/people/r/rudolf.germar/rudolf-press-release-ad.

  49. Gerald Fleming forward to Rembiszewski, op. cit., p. 1.

  50. Rembiszewski, op. cit., p. 29.

  51. Ibid. p. 56.

  52. Markiewicz, op. cit.

  53. Ibid.

  54. Ibid.

  55. Ibid.

  56. Green, op. cit.

  57. Markiewicz, op. cit.

  58. Ibid.

  59. Hilberg, op. cit.

  60. McVay, op. cit.

  61. Harmon, "Four million," op. cit.

  62. Michael Shermer, Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time, New York: W.H. Freeman and Company, 1997, p. 233.

  63. Ibid.

  64. John Morris, "The Ball Challenge. Where is John Ball?", http://www.nizkor.org/features/ball-challenge/

  65. Lüftl op. cit.

  66. Jamie McCarthy, alt.revisionism, Subject: Lueftl's dishonesty and cross-linking Date: Wed, 12 Jun 1996 18:13:01 -0400 Message-ID: Available at http://www.nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/people/l/luftl.walter/evaporation-measurement-lie

  67. Lüftl op. cit.

  68. Pitch Block, appendix, "Zyklon B" in Pierre Vidal-Naquet, Assasins of Memory, Essays on the Denial of the Holocaust, New York, Columbia University Press, 1992 p. 61.

  69. Gerhard Peters: Blausäure zur Schädlingsbekämpfung (=Sammlung chem. und chem.-techn. Vorträge; N.F. 20) Verlag von Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1933, p. 64f. Available on the web at http://www.holocaust-history.org/works/peters-1933/

  70. Ulrich Roessler, alt.revisionism, Sat Dec 9 17:35:51 PST 1995 Subject: Re: Luftl's 'Report' Again (Re: Comments and Questions to Ulri Message-ID: <4aclps$9cr@gwdu19.gwdg.de> Available at http://www.nizkor.org/ftp.cgi/people/r/rudolf.germar/rudolf-report.001

  71. Ibid.

  72. G. Peters and W. Rasch, Die Einsatzfähigkeit der Blausäure-Durchgasung bei tiefen Temperaturen.Zeitschrift f"ur hygienische Zoologie und Schädlingsbekämpfung, 11 (1941) pp. 133ff. Available on the web at http://www.holocaust-history.org/works/peters-rasch-1941/.

  73. Pressac, Anatomy op. cit.

  74. McVay, op. cit.

  75. Budavari, op. cit.

  76. J. Bailer, Amoklauf gegen die Wirklichkeit. Praca zbiorowa (B. Gallanda, J. Bailer, F. Freund, T. Geisler, W. Lasek, N. Neugebauer, G. Spenn, W. Wegner). Bundesministerium fuer Unterricht und Kultur Wien 1991.

  77. Green, op. cit.

  78. Bailer, op. cit.

  79. Rudolf, op. cit.

  80. Green, op. cit.

  81. M.A. Alich, D.T. Howarth, M.F. Johnson, J. Inorg. Nucl.Chem. 1967, 29, pp. 1637-1642..

  82. Rudolf, op. cit.

  83. Markiewicz, op. cit.

  84. Ibid.

  85. Ibid.

  86. Pressac, Technique, op. cit., p. 555.

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