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A
CHRONOLOGY OF MAJOR EVENTS
IN THE WAR AGAINST THE
JEWS
AND THE DEPORTATIONS OF
JEWISH CHILDREN FROM FRANCE
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1940
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The first anti-Semitic measures taken by
the Vichy regime came within a week of the new government's formation on July
11, 1940. Although the regulations were nationalist in nature and did not
single out Jews, they affected Jews more than any other group and began the
process of eliminating them from positions of influence and isolating them from
French society. The regulations and the attitudes they fostered among Vichy
officials led inexorably to the deportations and murders first of Jewish adults
and then of Jewish children, some of them infants.
July 17,
1940. Vichy government regulations limit Civil Service employment to per
sons whose fathers are French. The regulations are not limited to Jews, but
Jews are nevertheless a large proportion of those affected by the regulations.
July 22, 1940. The Vichy Ministry of Justice is ordered to form
a commission to review all citizenships granted under France's 1927
naturalization law and decide whether they should be revoked. (Of the 18,000
denaturalizations ordered during the Vichy years, a little more than 7,000
affected Jewish citizens.)
August 16, 1940. Vichy regulations
creating a Doctors Guild limit the practice of medicine to persons born of
French fathers.
August 27, 1940. The 1939 Marchandeau Law
banning anti-Semitic articles in the French press is revoked.
September 3, 1940. Prefects are given the authority to intern
all persons deemed threats to national security.
September 10,
1940. Vichy establishes a Lawyers Guild and limits the practice of law to
persons whose fathers are French.
September 27, 1940. German
military administration regulations define a Jew as any person who now or ever
has professed the Jewish religion or who has more than two Jewish grandparents.
The regulations order a census of Jews in the Occupied Zone, the stamping of
the words "Juif' or "Juive" on their identity cards, and the posting of
placards identifying Jewish-owned shops and businesses. (The stamping of the
word "Jew" on identity cards was not imposed in the Unoccupied Zone until after
the Germans occupied all of France in November 1942. A Vichy decree issued
December 11, 1942, required the stamp on Jews' identity cards and food
rationing cards.)
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FRENCH
CHILDREN OF THE HOLOCAUST A memorial
Serge Klarsfeld
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