known as the "Freedom Union", specifically for "its fight against the Jewry (PS--2830).

Indisputable appears the fact of the Nazi seizure of Austria and of Von Papen's participation in this act of aggression. After the occupation of Austria, Hitler rewarded Von Papen with the golden insignia of the Nazi Party (D-632).

Neither is it possible to ignore Von Papen's role as agent provocateur when in his capacity of diplomat he was the German Ambassador to Turkey — whenever evaluation of his activity there is made.

The post of Ambassador to Turkey was at the time of considerable importance in helping the Nazis realize their aggressive plans.

The official Nazi biographer wrote about Von Papen as follows: "Shortly (after the occupation of Austria) the Führer had need of Von Papen's services again and on 18 April 1939, he therefore appointed him German Ambassador in Ankara" (D-632).

It should also be noted that for his Turkish activities, Hitler rewarded Von Papen with the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Order with Swords (D-632).

Thus, evidence submitted establishes beyond doubt that:

a) Von Papen actively aided the Nazis in their seizure of power.

b) Von Papen used both his efforts and his connections to solidify and strengthen the Hitlerian terroristic regime in Germany.

c) Von Papen actively participated in the Nazi aggression against Austria culminating in its occupation.

d) Von Papen faithfully served Hitler up to the very end, aiding the Nazi plans of aggression both with his ability and his diplomatic skill.

It therefore follows that Defendant Von Papen bears considerable responsibility for the crimes of the Hitlerite regime.

For these reasons I cannot consent to the acquittal of Defendant Von Papen.


III. The Unfounded Acquittal of Defendant Fritzsche
The acquittal of Defendant Hans Fritzsche follows from the reasoning that Fritzsche, allegedly, had not reached in Germany the official position making him responsible for the criminal actions of the Hitler regime and that his own personal activity in this respect cannot be considered criminal. The verdict characterizes him as a secondary figure carrying out the directives of Goebbels and Von Ribbentrop, and of the Reich Press Director Dietrich.

The verdict does not take into consideration or mention the fact that it was Fritzsche who until 1942 was the director de facto of the Reich press and that, according to himself, subsequent to 1942 he