20 Nov. 45
bone grafting and muscular excisions at Ravensbrück, et
cetera), and by gas chambers, gas wagons, and crematory ovens. Of
228,000 French political and racial deportees in concentration camps,
only 28,000 survived.
In France also systematic extermination was practiced, notably at
Asq on 1 April 1944, at Colpo on 22 July 1944, at Buzet sur Tarn on 6
July 1944 and on 17 August 1944, at Pluvignier on 8 July 1944, at
Rennes on 8 June 1944, at Grenoble on 8 July 1944, at Saint Flour on
10 June 1944, at Ruisnes on 10 June 1944, at Nimes, at Tulle, and at
Nice, where, in July 1944, the victims of torture were exposed to the
population, and at Oradour sur Glane where the entire village
population was shot or burned alive in the church.
The many charnel pits give proof of anonymous massacres. Most
notable of these are the charnel pits of Paris (Cascade du Bois de
Boulogne), Lyons, Saint Genis-Laval, Besançon, Petit Saint
Bernard, Aulnat, Caen, Port Louis, Charleval, Fontainebleau,
Bouconne, Gabaudet, L'Hermitage Lorges, Morlaas, Bordelongue, Signe.
In the course of a premeditated campaign of terrorism, initiated
in Denmark by the Germans in the latter part of 1943, 600 Danish
subjects were murdered and, in addition, throughout the German
occupation of Denmark large numbers of Danish subjects were subjected
to torture and ill-treatment of all sorts. In addition, approximately
five hundred Danish subjects were murdered, by torture and otherwise,
in German prisons and concentration camps.
In Belgium, between 1940 and 1944, torture by various means, but
identical in each place, was carried out at Brussels, Liege, Mons,
Ghent, Namur, Antwerp, Tournai, Arlon, Charleroi, and Dinant.
At Vught, in Holland, when the camp was evacuated, about four
hundred persons were shot.
In Luxembourg, during the German occupation, 500 persons were
murdered and, in addition, another 521 were illegally executed, by
order of such special tribunals as the so-called
"Sondergericht". Many more persons in Luxembourg were
subjected to torture and ill-treatment by the Gestapo. At least 4,000
Luxembourg nationals were imprisoned during the period of German
occupation, and of these at least 400 were murdered.
Between March 1944 and April 1945, in Italy, at least 7,500 men,
women, and children, ranging in years from infancy to extreme old age
were murdered by the German soldiery at Civitella, in the Ardeatine
Caves in Rome, and at other places.
(B) Deportation, for slave labor and for other purposes, of the
civilian populations of and in occupied territories.