23 Nov. 45
sive rearmament program through taxes and public loans. From the
outset, the armament program involved "the engagement of the
last reserves."
Apart from the problem of raising the huge sums required to
sustain this program, the Nazi conspirators were exceedingly anxious,
in the early stages, to conceal the extent of their feverish armament
activities.
After considering various techniques of financing the armament
program, the Defendant Schacht proposed the use of so-called
"mefo" bills. One of the primary advantages of this method
was the fact that figures indicating the extent of rearmament that
would have become public through the use of other methods could be
kept secret through the use of mefo bills, and mefo bills were used
exclusively for armament financing.
Transactions in mefo bills worked as follows:
Mefo bills were drawn by armament contractors and accepted by a
limited liability company, [The Metallurgische
Forschungsgesellschaft m. b. H.], the initials of which spell
mefo from whence the transaction takes its name. This company had a
nominal capital of 1 million Reichsmarks and was therefore merely a
dummy organization. The bills were received by all German banks for
possible rediscounting with the Reichsbank, and the bills were
guaranteed by the Reich. Their secrecy was assured by the fact that
they appeared neither in the published statements of the Reichsbank
nor in the budget figures.
The mefo bill system continued to be used until April 1 of 1938.
To that date, 12 billion Reichsmarks of mefo bills for the financing
of rearmament had been issued. Since it was no longer deemed
necessary in April of 1938 to conceal the vast progress of German
rearmament, mefo financing was discontinued at that time.
A further source of funds which the Defendant Schacht drew upon
to finance the Secret Armament Program were the funds of political
opponents of the Nazi regime, and marks of foreigners on deposit in
the Reichsbank. As Schacht stated--and I am quoting: "Our
armaments are also financed partly with the credits of our political
opponents."
That statement may be found in a memorandum from
the Defendant Schacht to Hitler, dated 3 May 1935, and it bears the
number in the document book of 1168-PS, and the specific sentence is
found in the second paragraph.
The outstanding mefo bills at all times represented a threat to
the stability of the currency because they could be tendered to the
Reichsbank for discount, in which case the currency circulation would
automatically have to be increased. Thus, there was an everpresent
threat of inflation. The Defendant Schacht continued on his