3
Dec. 45
After
the annexation of Austria by Germany in March
1938, the Henleinists, who were now openly
organized after the Nazi model, intensified
their activities. Undisguised anti-Semitic
propaganda started in the Henlein press.
The
campaign against Bolshevism was intensified.
Terrorism in the Henlein-dominated communities
increased. A storm-troop organization, patterned
and trained on the principles of the Nazi SS was
established, known as the FS, Freiwilliger
Selbstschutz (or Voluntary Vigilantes).
On
24 April 1938, in a speech to the Party Congress
in Karlovy Vary, Henlein came into the open with
what he called his Karlsbad Program. In this
speech, which echoed Hitler in tone and
substance, Henlein asserted the right of the
Sudeten Germans to profess German political
philosophy which, it was clear, meant National
Socialism.
As the summer of 1938 wore
on, the Henleinists used every technique of the
Nazi Fifth Column. As summarized in Pages 12 to
16 of the Czech Government official report,
these techniques included:
(a)
Espionage. Military espionage was conducted by
the SDP, the FS, and by other members of the
German minority on behalf of Germany. Czech
defenses were mapped and information on Czech
troop movements was furnished to the German
authorities.
b) Nazification of German
organizations in Czechoslovakia. The Henleinists
systematically penetrated the whole life of the
German population of Czechoslovakia.
Associations and social cultural centers
regularly underwent "Gleichschaltung",
that is purification, by the SDP. Among the
organizations conquered by the Henleinists were
sports societies, rowing clubs, associations of
ax-service men, and choral societies. The
Henleinists were particularly interested in
penetrating as many business institutions as
possible and bringing over to their side the
directors of banks, the owners or directors of
factories, and the managers of commercial firms.
In the case of Jewish ownership or direction,
they attempted to secure the co-operation of the
clerical and technical staffs of the
institutions.
(c) German direction and
leadership. The Henleinists maintained permanent
contact with the Nazi officials designated to
direct operations within Czechoslovakia.
Meetings in Germany, at which Henleinists were
exhorted and instructed in Fifth Column
activity, were camouflaged by being held in
conjunction with "Sänger Feste"
(or choral festivals), gymnastic shows, and
assemblies, and commercial gatherings such as
the Leipzig Fair. Whenever the Nazi conspirators
needed incidents for their war of nerves, it was
the duty of the Henleinists to supply them.
(d) Propaganda. Disruptive and
subversive propaganda was beamed at
Czechoslovakia in German broadcasts and was
echoed