4 Jan. 46
Poland was announced, Hitler, in discussing the
possibility of war with England, said that the Dutch and Belgian air
bases must be occupied by armed force. "Declarations of neutrality
will be ignored." And later, in his speech to the Oberbefehlshaber
in November 1939, Hitler said that they must first invade the Low
Countries and "no one will question that when we have won."
Accordingly, one can well imagine that the winter of 1939 and 1940 and
the early spring of 1940 was a period of very intensive planning in
German military circles. The major attack in the West through the Low
Countries had to be planned and the attack on Norway and Denmark had to
be planned. The Defendant Jodl's diary for the period 1 February to 26
May 1940, Document 1809-PS, Exhibit Number GB-88, contains many entries
reflecting the course of this planning. Some of the entries have been
read into the record and others are now of interest.
The Tribunal will see from these entries which have already been read
that during February and early March there was considerable doubt in
German military circles as to whether the attack on Norway and Denmark
should precede or follow the attack on the Low Countries and that at
some points there even was doubt as to whether all these attacks were
necessary from a military standpoint. But the Tribunal will not find a
single entry which reflects any hesitancy from a moral angle, on the
part of Jodl or any of the people he mentions, to overrun these
countries.
I will make several references now to Document 1809-PS and several of
the entries in it. I do not plan to quote verbatim from any one of them.
The Court will note that on 1 February 1940 General Jeschonnek, the
Chief of the Air Staff and a member of the group as defined in the
Indictment, visited Jodl and made a suggestion that it might be wise to
attack only Holland, on the ground that Holland alone would offer a
tremendous improvement for Germany's aerial warfare.
On 6 February Jodl conferred with Jeschonnek, Warlimont, and Colonel
Von Waldau, and what Jodl calls a "new idea" was proposed at
this meeting: That the Germans should carry out only "Action H"
(Holland) and the Weser Exercise (Norway and Denmark) and should
guarantee Belgium's neutrality for the duration of the war.
I suppose the German Air Force may have felt that the occupation of
Holland alone would give them sufficient scope for air bases for attacks
on England and that if Belgium's neutrality were preserved the German
bases in Holland would be immune from attack by the French and British
armies in France. If, to meet this situation, the French and British
should attack through Holland and Belgium, the violation of neutrality
would be on the other foot. But whether or not this new idea made sense
from a military angle, it