Fourth Report on War Crimes in the Fomer Yugoslavia: Part II

Torture of Prisoners

(14) August-September 92:

A US surgeon from California spent 2 weeks in Bosnia-Herzegovina (including time at Kosevo hospital in Sarajevo) in late August and early September performing remedial urological surgery.

The doctor reportedly found that Muslim and Mujahedin irregular troops -- some from Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia -- had routinely performed crude, disfiguring, nonmedical circumcisions on Bosnian Serb soldiers, and he treated one 18-year-old Bosnian Serb soldier who was so brutally circumcised that eventually the entire organ required amputation. (Department of State)

(15) July - August 92:

A Croatian women, married to a Serb, was interned for 40 days at the Bosnian Government-run detention center at the former Yugoslav National army (JNA) Viktor Bubanj barracks in Sarajevo. During her confinement, guards - whom she identified as Muslims - routinely beat the more than 300 prisoners, including 30 women.

She saw one woman covered with bruises from head to toe after being so abused. She herself was beaten several times. Another woman cut by glass during a mortar attack was left overnight to bleed, as the guards taunted her that "It is your people who are killing you, not us." The witness was released in late August. (Department of State)

(16) 11 June - 10 October 92:

A 24-year-old Bosnian Muslim agricultural technician from Kotor Varos was arrested as civilian and interned in several locations in Kotor Varos.

Twelve Serbian soldiers wearing uniforms bearing white eagles, on June 11 arrested the witness in his house and beat him in his yard before escorting him to the Koza Proleteria Fur Factory, where he was interrogated and beaten further.

At the fur factory, a guard put a rifle in the witness' mouth and lifted him off the floor. Another guard pulled out two of his upper teeth with pliers. He said he and hundred other men were beaten for eight days and forced to perform sexual acts on each other.

He was later transferred to a room in the back of the Osnovni Sud, or town courthouse, where he was held for three and a half months. He said that 170 men were held under extremely oppressive conditions.

His room measured only about 2.5 X 3.5 meters, yet sometimes as many as 70 men were crammed into it. Serbian guards played loud music as they beat prisoners in the adjoining rooms and in the yard. The room was filthy. They ate spoiled, moldy food and had no access to toilet facilities. Ten to 15 men had diarrhea at any one time. The prisoners' skin turned yellow from jaundice. He spent over three months in such conditions without ever taking a bath and washing his clothes.

On October 10 the witness and two other Muslims were exchanged for one Serb. Three Serbian guards whom he recognized, brought him to the courthouse yard where they beat him viciously, then tied his arms and legs together like a sheep and forced him to "baah." Later they tied him to a land rover Jeep and drove to the hospital, with the witness running behind the car. Upon arrival , they forced him to crawl, baah, and eat grass, and then they told him to throw up the grass because it was Serbian grass.

One guard brought some very acidic gun-cleaning oil and made the witness drink half a liter of it. He began to have stomach convulsions immediately. A second pulled up his sleeve and extinguished eight cigarettes on his arm. Soon afterward he was released to Muslim forces in the village of Vecici. (Department of State)

(17) May - November 92:

A woman from Zrenjanin, a town in southern Vojvodina, reported that her husband, a Muslim, was detained by police on May 10 and remains to this day with about 200 other Muslims, most from Bosanski Samac or its immediate environs, in two large warehouses adjacent to the central police station in Bosanski Samac, a town on the Croatian/Bosnian border in Bosnia.

On several occasions when this woman was able to visit the detention facility, she talked with her husband and helped treat prisoners who were beaten brutally. The prisoners she treated had been beaten on the head, arms and, torso. Many had had their arms broken.

Her husband said that he had been beaten severely during the first several days of his incarceration, and that he had never been told why he was being held. Other members of her husband's family -- including his mother, his sister, and his sister's children -- were also detainees in Bosanski Samac.

Her husband claimed that the conditions were very bad in the facility and that the prisoners were given only one meal a day, which often consisted of only bread. (Department of State)


Deliberate Attacks on Non-Combatants

(18) 18 November 92:

Bosnian Serbs on November 18 shelled the main north-south highway near the city of Mostar, which forced a UN food convoy and its escort of Spanish UN peacekeeping troops to abandon an attempt to bring food and housing material to Sarajevo. (The Washington Post)

(19) 16 November 92:

Serbian artillery stationed in northeastern Bosnia fired 100 shells into Croatia at Zupanja and surrounding villages, causing the death of two persons, including a 2-year-old child. Heavy damage to houses was also reported. (Department of State)

(20) 7-8 November 92:

Bosnian Serbs on November 8 halted relief convoys along the Mostar road. An UNPROFOR [UN protection force] (UK) - escorted convoy was stopped by Croatian Defense Council (HVO) forces 10 kilometers north of Mostar. (Department of State)

Bosnian Serbs on November 7 fired up to 200 rounds of machine gun, mortar, and automatic rifle fire at a British convoy that was trying to find routes for United Nations aid convoys near Tuzla, hitting a British Land Rover. "This is the first time we have come under direct fire, and the first time we have returned fire," according to a UK Ministry of Defense spokes-man. (London Press Association)


Wanton Devastation and Destruction of Property

(21) 25 May 92:

A 43-year-old Muslim from Hambarine watched from a nearby hill as Serbian artillery demolished the neighboring village of Kozarac on May 25. The artillery unit was part of the so-called Serbian "White Eagles" militia organization, whose commander and tank unit he identified. (Department of State)

(22) 17 May 92:

Kozarac, in Bosnian Krajina, was flattened in May by Serbian forces. (New York Newsday)

(23) April-October 92:

From the beginning of the war in April, Serbian Democratic party (SDS) paramilitaries in the hills around Sarajevo have bombarded the city, which has little in it that could be called a military target. The assault on the city has damaged or destroyed hospitals, schools, residential buildings, mosques, churches, and all kinds of other civilian facilities. (Department of State)

(24) Fall 91:

Serbian forces in the fall of 1991 left Vukovar and several surrounding towns, in the sector East United Nations Protected Area (UNPA) of Croatia, looking like Berlin -- circa 1945. Nearly every residential, commercial, cultural, and religious structure was gutted and damaged severely. Grain elevators, cranes in the port along the river, factories, and high-rise apartment buildings were rendered virtually useless and uninhabitable. (Department of State)


Other, Including Mass Forcible Expulsion and Deportation of Civilians

(25) November 92:

Serb military authorities began in early November 1992 forcibly to mobilize ethnic Croats and Muslims in the Banja Luka area and have taken 50 to 200 such conscripts from the suburbs of Gornji Seher and Debeljaci because, according to a Serb official, "There are too many Muslims here." (Department of State)

(26) 26 May 92:

A 35-year-old Muslim woman, a resident of Trnopolje long before it gained notoriety as the site of a brutal internment camp, was present on May 26 when trucks and tractors hauled in thousands of children and elderly Muslims from the nearby town of Kozarac, following its destruction by Serbian artillery. Newly arrived refugees were settled on the grounds of the local elementary school.

The Muslim woman and other town residents were permitted to pass food to them through fences that were being erected around the facility. During the first 5 days, it was the only food the new arrivals received. Additionally, all the homes in the area were forced to take in large number of Kozarac residents. Her family took in 38 of those refugees.

Many of the refugees, including those in her home, were eventually transported in railroad freight cars -- about a hundred to a car -- to facilities further away. On July 8, soldiers came to the house and said the entire village was being "ethnically cleansed." She and her family were forced from her home. Three days later, she and her children were herded with others into a railroad car and forced out near Muslim-controlled territory, whence they made their way to refuge abroad. (Department of State)


Back to Genocide Resources