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 Dr Robert Jay Lifton THE NAZI DOCTORS:
                        Medical Killing and the
                            Psychology of Genocide ©
 
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Notes to Pages 87-95 
 
(The numbers in brackets refer to the original, complete citation of a particular reference in each chapter. The dates in brackets denote original publication of a title.)    
 
20. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], p. 223.  
21. For biographical information on Ewald, see Klee, “Euthanasie”[7], pp. 216-17.  
22. Fredric Wertham, A Sign for Cain: An Exploration of Human Violence (New York: Macmillan, 1966), pp. 178-79. 
23. Eyewitness testimony by chief nurse, 5 June 1946; testimony (second-hand through Götz) of business manager, 6 June 1946, Heyde Trial, pp. 336-39. 
24. Boeckh to Reich Interior Minister, 7 November 1940, Heyde Trial, pp. 328-32. See Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], pp. 244-47.  
25. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], pp. 247-48. 
26. Ibid., pp. 216-19.  
27. Schmidt, Selektion [2], pp. 82-93. 
28. Lothar Kreyssig to Justice Minister Gürtner, 8 July 1940, quoted in Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], p. 209. See Philippe Aziz, Doctors of Death (Geneva: Ferni Publishers, 1976), vol. IV, p. 107. 
29. Von Löwis, quoted in Aziz, Doctors of Death [28], pp. 100-104; see also p. 116 on Himmler’s attitudes. 
30. Secret report of Absberg Ortsgruppenleiter, 24 January 1941; Gendarmerieposten Absberg to Landrat Gunzenhausen, 24 February 1941; secret report of Gaustabsamt Sel/Pf. to SS-Sturmbahnführer Friedrich (Nuremberg), copy to Hefelmann, 1 March 1941, Heyde Trial, pp. 360-68. 
31. Church President Ernst Wilm’s expert statement to Frankfurt court on Protestant reactions to "euthanasia," 3 January 1963, Generalstaatsanwaltschaft Frankfurt/M.: JS 20/61, vol. I, 3 (44); Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], p. 284.
32. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], pp. 201-2; see pp. 35, 48, 62, 201-5. 
33. Ibid., pp. 201-16, 278-89, 320-26, 421-24. See also Annaliese Hochmuth, "Der Widerstand Bethels gegen die Tötung psychisch Kranker, eine Dokumentation," in Klaus Dörner et al., eds., Der Krieg gegen die psychisch Kranken: Nach “Holocaust” - Erkennen-Trauern-Begegnen (Rehburg-Loccum: Psychiatrie-Verlag, 1980), pp. 160-62. (The chronology in Hochmuth is not altogether clear.)  
34. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], p. 34.  
35. Ibid., p. 39. 
36. Ibid., pp. 210-11. 
37. Braune, “Denkschrift, Betrifflt: Planwirtschaftliche Verlegung von Insassen der Heil- und Pflegeanstalten” ("Vertraulich"), 9 July 1940, Heyde Trial, pp. 496-501.  
38. Ibid., pp. 506-7. 
39. Ibid., pp. 510-12.  
40. Klee, “Euthanasie”[7], p. 340-41, 355; Lothar Gruchmann, “Euthanasie und Justiz im Dritten Reich,” Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 20 (1972): 244.  
41. Braune, “Denkschrift” [37], pp. 513-14.  
42. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], pp. 221-23. 
43. Ibid., pp. 337-38. 
44. Aziz, Doctors of Death [28], vol. IV, pp. 92-95. See Klee; “Euthanasie” (7], pp. 334-35. 
45. Aziz, Doctors of Death [28], vol. IV, pp. 94-95. Galen’s sermon of 3 August 1941 is printed in Dörner, ed., Krieg [33], pp. 112-24; see pp. 124-28 
46. Aziz, Doctors of Death [28], vol. IV, pp. 95-96. 
47. Ibid., p. 97.  
48. Klee, “Euthanasie” [7], p. 335 
49. Ibid., pp. 335-37; Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews (Chicago: Quadrangle, 1967 [1961]), pp. 299-300.
50. Aziz, Doctors of Death [28], vol. IV, pp. 98-99. 
51. Himmler to Brack and Bouhler, 19 December 1940, Heyde Trial, pp. 577-78. Himmler was responding to the letter by von Löwis [29].  
52. Hefelmann testimony, 6-15 September 1960, Heyde Trial, pp. 681-82; see also p. 680.   
 
THE NAZI DOCTORS:
Medical Killing and the
Psychology of Genocide

Robert J. Lifton
ISBN 0-465-09094
© 1986
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