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MAZAL LIBRARY©
Page T041
TRIAL OF JOSEF KRAMER
AND FORTY-FOUR OTHERS

(The Belsen Trial) .
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    Evidence for the Prosecution
 
Brigadier Glyn Hughes (cont.)
force? — I do not think you can assume that, because we stamped out the typhus within a fortnight. We could have done with many more helpers to deal with these poor people adequately.

What would you say was the principal cause of the indescribable conditions at Belsen? — Neglect to keep the ordinary humanitarian rules, to feed them, to keep them clean, and to provide sanitation. I should say feeding was the most important cause, but as typhus was raging it was essential to stamp it out, otherwise we would have got further deaths from that alone.

Was the principal cause this lack of food, followed closely by the lack of washing facilities? — Not necessarily washing facilities. I do not think you quite appreciate how you handle typhus. It is a question of killing the louse and keeping them clean.

Cross-examined by Captain MUNRO — Were nearly all the internees in Belsen suffering from apathy? — All those who had been in any length of time, and who were emaciated. They got so weak that they could not get food for themselves and I suppose they had not any will-power.

When a person suffers from apathy is it not a medical fact that that person has somehow got to be roused? — Naturally.

The use of a certain amount of force is necessary on the part of the nurses or doctors? — I cannot agree force is necessary. I think the best example is the fact of seeing they had been liberated and seeing the troops. That was the incentive they had.

Would you admit that it was essential that most of these people had to be roused and got up in the morning? — They were too weak to move, the majority of them. They could not even raise themselves on their, elbows, much less get up. I agree that the fit and well should be encouraged to get out each day because it would make the organization of the cleaning easier, which was the main thing lacking. The encouragement came with the advent of the troops and the fact that they were free. They do need incentive, but the fit and well do not. They get it themselves. It is the people who are just beginning to get weak who want the incentive.  
 
Third Day — Wednesday, 19th September, 1945 
 
Brigadier HUGH LLEWELYN GLYN HUGHES, re-examined by Colonel BACKHOUSE — You were asked a number of questions about the necessity for guarding stores, etc. Was there a single casualty amongst the internees as a result of any firing by British troops, or any difficulty experienced in controlling the internee without force? — No.  
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