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Convoy 34, September 18, 1942 (Drancy)
Convoy 34
deported 161 children, 91 boys and 70 girls. Almost three-quarters had been
born in France. The stream of children from the Unoccupied Zone was
interrupted, so children from the Occupied Zone were taken to make up the quota
of 1,000. Convoy 34 marks the beginning of the deportation of the youngest
children, including two born that year: Régine Dyler, 3 months old, and
Michel Naischouler, 7 months old.
There were 6 component lists for
convoy 34:
1. Drancy/Stairway 3 – 308 names.
Forty-eight names were missing (from "So" to "Za" in the alphabetical listing).
There were many children and families, such as Paula Frereich (38) and her
three children, Bella (8), Lola (6), and Simon (4).
2.
Drancy/Stairway 4 – 149 names. Here, too, were family
groups, such as Gisele Salomonowitch and her three children, Henri (7),
Raymonde (5), and Willy (1); Sima Wajntreter (38) and her four children,
Rebecca (13), Charlotte (12), David (10), and Denise (7).
3.
Drancy/Stairway 2 – 175 names. Among them were 133 Jews who
had acquired French nationality by naturalization. Louise Angel (36) was born
in Istanbul, and had five children, Rachel (14), Joseph (13), Sarah (12),
Jacques (5), and Yvonne (2).
4. Pithiviers – 183 names.
Many were single children. Nationalities are unclear, but 40 of the 183 were
born in France. Many were of Polish origin and had lived in Belgium or Holland.
Some children were deported without their parents: Esther
Baum (11); Jacques Bergmann (9); Maurice
Berkowicz (7); Lucie Fischmann (3); Georges Grynspan (10); Marcel Lasler
(3);Victor Mandelbaum (5); Marguerite
Nissenholc (6); three Rotbart children, Thérèse (8), Marguerite
(7), and Riva (5); Estelle Schaszinski (5); Léon (6) and
Hélène (2) Tysz; Jean Zorek (3); and 3 month-old Régine
Diller. Suzanne (4) and Jacqueline (2) Tennenbaum were with their mother,
Basia.
5. Drancy – 41 names.
6. Last-minute
additions – 24 names, including several children by themselves:
René Agi (6), Benjamin Beer (5),
Germaine Lewin (6), Evelyne Bliwak (4), and Israel Binieski (10).
Convoy 35, September 21, 1942 (Pithiviers)
Convoy 35 deported 175 children, 85 boys and 90 girls. Almost all (165)
were born in France. They had been transferred from Drancy to Pithiviers to
minimize problems with their deportation: since many were French citizens,
their arrests meant there had been infractions of the anti-Jewish laws. The
Vichy police cooperated with the Gestapo, despite the Bousquet-Knochen accords,
so that this convoy could depart for Auschwitz. Some of the women were deported
with their children. For example, Andrée Dveyler (42), born in Clermont,
France, was with her four French-born daughters, Evelyne (13), Francoise (12),
Jacqueline (19), and Madeleine (16). Others included Laetitia Gattegno (31) and
her two children, André (6) and Eliane (2); Lucie Cohen (41) and her
boys, Marcel (12) and Maurice (11); Sarah Navon (37) and
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FRENCH
CHILDREN OF THE HOLOCAUST A memorial
Serge Klarsfeld
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